Rosetta Stone

Warning: In this section I decided to display the literal transliteration that is to say the word as it is written and NOT as it should be written. The transliteration of reference will be mentioned when known to me. The comparison of both will reveal in full to the reader the Ancient Egyptians' stenographical way of writing.

The vocabulary displayed is partly built on the book of Raymond O. FAULKNER, A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford, 1962. Specials thanks are given to the Griffith Institute for the permission to use it.

Rosetta Stone

Bibliography: Sethe, Kurt, Urkunden der griechisch-römischen Zeit, p. 166-198; R. S. Bagnall and P. Derow, The Hellenistic period: historical sources in translation, Malden (Mass.), Blackwell, 2004, p. 196 sq

Stone of el-Nibeira (Damanhur) (Sethe, p.169)

rnpt-sp 9 ḳ-s-n-d-ḳ-s sw 4
nty ỉr (n) ȝbd n ỉmy^.w tȝ-mrỉ ȝbd 2 prt sw 18
ḫr ḥm (n) ḥr ḥwn-ḫʿy-m-nsw-ḥr-st-ỉt-f
nbty wr-pḥty smn-tȝwy
snfr-tȝ-mrỉ mnḫ-ỉb-ḫr-nṯrw

(Sethe, p.170)

ḥr-nbw wȝḏ-ʿnḫ-n-ḥnmmt
nb-ḥb-sd-mỉ-ptḥ-tȝ-tnn
ỉty-mỉ-rʿ
nsw-bỉt
ỉwʿ-n-nṯrwy-mr(wy)-ỉt ... stp-n-ptḥ (Ptolemy V Epiphanus)
wsr-kȝ-rʿ ... sḫm-ʿnḫ-n-ỉmn
sȝ-rʿ p-t-w-l-m-y-s ʿnḫ ḏt ... mr-(y)-ptḥ
nṯr-pr(y) nb-nfrw

(Sethe, p.171)

sȝ n p-t-w-l-m-y-s ḥnʿ ỉ-r-s-ỉ-n-ȝ-t nṯrwy mr(wy)-ỉt
(ḥnʿ) wʿb n ỉ-l-k-s-ỉ-n-d-r-s ḥnʿ nṯrwy-nḏwy (ḥnʿ) nṯrwy-snwy
ḥnʿ nṯrwy-mnḫwy ḥnʿ nṯrwy-mr(wy)-ỉt
ḥnʿ nṯr-pr(y) nb-nfrw
ȝ-y-d-w-s (sȝ) pȝ ȝ-y-d-w-s
ỉw p-r-ȝ sȝt p-y-l-y-n-s fȝ(y) šp-n-ḳn m-bȝḥ b-r-n-y-g-ȝ-t tȝ-mnḫ(t)
ỉw ȝ-r-y-ȝ sȝt d-y-g-n-s fȝ(y) dn m-bȝḥ ỉ-r-s-ỉ-n-ȝ-t tȝ mr(t)-sn-s
ỉw h-y-r-n-ȝ sȝt p-t-w-l-m-y-s n wʿb n ỉ-r-s-ỉ-n-ȝ-t tȝ mr(t)-ỉt-s

(Sethe, p.172)

hrw pn sḫȝwy
ỉw ỉmyw-r gsw-prw ḥmw-nṯr
ḥryw-sštȝ wʿb^.w ʿḳ(yw) r bw ḏsr smʿr nṯrw m sṯt.sn
ḥnʿ sš^.w mḏȝt-nṯr ḥnʿ ṯyw pr-ʿnḫ
ḥnʿ nȝ ky wʿb^.w ỉ m ỉtrty šmʿw mḥw r ỉnb-ḥḏ
m ḥb n šsp nsy m-ʿ ỉt.f
ỉn ḥm n nsw-bỉt nb tȝwy p-t-w-l-m-y-s ʿnḫ ḏt mr(y)-ptḥ nṯr-pr(y) nb-nfrw
ʿb.sn r sḥḏ nt mḫȝt-tȝwy ỉsw kȝ.sn

(Sethe, p.173)

mtn(?) wn nsw-bỉt ỉwʿ-n-nṯrwy-mrwy-ỉt stp-n-ptḥ wsr-kȝ-rʿ sḫm-ʿnḫ-n-ỉmn
sȝ-rʿ p-t-w-l-m-y-s ʿnḫ ḏt mr(y)-ptḥ nṯr-pr(y) nb-nfrw
sȝ n nsw-bỉt p-t-w-l-m-y-s ḥnʿ ḥḳȝt nb(t) tȝwy ỉ-r-s-ỉ-n-ȝ-t nṯrwy mr(wy)-ỉt
ḥr ỉr(t) ḫt nb^.t nfr(t) wr(t) m ỉdbw-ḥr ḥnʿ ỉmy(w).sn nb(w)
ḥr s nb wn m-ḫnt ỉȝw(t).f mnḫ^.t r ȝw.sn
wn^.n.f m nṯr sȝ nṯr nṯrt

(Sethe, p.174)

ỉw.f m stwt r ḥr sȝ ȝst sȝ wsỉr ỉ.nḏ ỉt.f wsỉr
sw ḥm.f m ỉb mnḫ n nṯrw
rd.n.f ḥḏ wr(t) wȝḥy ḳnw r gsw-prw nw kmt
rd.n.f špsw wr^.w
r (sgrḥ) tȝ-mrỉ r sḏd ḳbḥwy
rd(t).f fȝyt n rd-mšʿ(?) wn^.n ḫnt ỉȝt.f wr^.t mỉ-ḳd.sn
ḥtr ḥnʿ bȝk n ỉty wn ỉp ḫr tȝ-mrỉ

(Sethe, p.175)

wn^.n ỉr.f ḫb.n.f (ỉ)m.sn wn^.n rd.n.f r tȝ ỉry.sn
r d^.t wn^.n mnfyt ḥnʿ wnnw ḳy^.w
m rk.f n nb wʿ
ḥr-ʿ ỉrw wn ḫr ḥnmmt nw bȝḳt
ḥnʿ ỉȝt(?) s nb wn m-ḫnt ỉȝt.f mnḫ^.t r ȝw.s
rd sn ḥm.f r tȝ m (ỉpt) ʿȝ(t) nn rḫ tnw.sn
ḫw.n.f šspyw wn^.n(w) ḥrt(?)

(Sethe, p.176)

ḥnʿ ȝ s nb ... nn m ỉr^.y (rr) ȝw
wḏ ḥm.f m-ḏd ỉr ḥtp-nṯr n nṯrw
ḥnʿ ḥḏ wȝḥ rd r ḥwwt-nṯr tp-rnpt
ḥnʿ (dnỉw ỉrw nw ḥr) (m) ȝḥw(t) nw (ỉȝrrt) nw ḥsp
ḥnʿ ḫt nb(t) wn^.n ẖrt.sn ḫr ḥm ỉt.f šps
r rd^.t mn.sn ẖr.sn

(Sethe, p.177)

wḏ.n.f ỉs r tm rd mḥ.tw dnỉwt m-ʿ wʿb^.w
m-ḥȝw-r wn^.n rd^.t nfryt-r rnpt-sp 1 ḥm ỉt.f šps
ỉw ȝ wȝ.n ḥm.f r wʿb^.w wnwt ḥwt-nṯr
m wḏy(t) ỉr(t).sn r pȝ ỉnb/sbty n ỉ-l-g-s-ȝ-n-d-r-s m tr n rnpt
wḏ.n.f ỉs r tm rd^.t (nḥm.tw) s nw ẖny(t)

(Sethe, p.178)

tr m pḳt ỉr(y) r pr-nsw m gsw-prw ʿḥʿ.n.tw (wȝ).n ḥm.f rwy.sn
mỉtt-ỉrw ḫt nb(t) wn msnḥ.tw m rr ȝw
dd st ḥm.f r tp.sn nfr
wn^.n.f ḥr mḥ r ʿȝ wr ḥr ỉr(t) ḫt nb(t) tw(t) n ỉrw
m-bȝḥ(?) nw nṯrw mỉ nty r tp-mt(rt)(?)
mỉtt-ỉrw rd^.t tp-nfr n wnyw mỉ ỉr.n ḏḥwty ʿȝ ʿȝ

(Sethe, p.179)

wḏ.n.f ỉsk ...
...
... r rd^.t mn ḫt.sn ẖr.sn
ỉr.n.f mḥ ỉs ḥr rd^.t (šm mšʿ) ssmw kbnwt
m ḫsf n ỉ^.yw r (ḥw(t)) ḥr kmt m dy mỉtt m wȝḏ-wr
d.n.f ḥḏ wȝḥ wr r.sn

(Sethe, p.180)

sgrḥ ỉdbw-ḥr ḥr tȝ-mrỉ
šȝ ỉs ḥm.f r ḫnty wy ...
...
...
...
... sbỉ^.w wn m-ḫnt.s

(Sethe, p.181)

ḏr-nty ỉr.sn tp-ḫbs(?) wr m bȝḳt
th.sn mtn mr nw ḥm.f ḥnʿ sḫr(w) nw nṯrw
dnw.n.f ỉtrw nb nty stȝ r rsyt ṯn
nn ỉr mỉtt ỉn nsyw tpyw-ʿw
rd.n.f ḥḏ mỉ ʿšȝ.sn r.sn
rd.ỉn ḥm.f šm mšʿ.f ssmw r r n ỉtrw ỉpn
r sȝw.sn r swḏȝ.sn

(Sethe, p.182)

...
... mḏ.tw m sšr mȝʿ
ḥḳȝ.n ḥm.f rsyt ṯn (m-mȝʿt) m (rr) ... wr
ḫb.n.f m sbỉ^.w wn m-ḫnt.s ỉr.n.f sn m ʿn(?) ʿȝ^.t
mỉtt ỉr(t).n prʿ ḥnʿ ḥr sȝ ȝst n sb^.w ḥr.sn m bw pn ḫnt

Rosetta Stone (Sethe, p.183)

sbỉ^.w ỉsk (twt) mšʿ wn.sn m tp.sn
sd(?).sn tȝš^.w ... ỉdbw-ḥr
th.sn mtn nw ḥm.f ḥnʿ ỉt.f šps
rd.n nṯrw ḫb.f ỉm.sn m ỉnb-ḥḏ
m ḥb šsp sk nsyt m-ʿ ỉt.f
smȝ m rd^.t tp ḫt
ḥr-ʿ nw ḥm.f wn ḫr gsw-prw nfryt-r rnpt 9

(Sethe, p.184)

... ḥḏ wȝḥy rd sn ḥm.f r tȝ
mỉtt-ỉrw m dr n pg rd^.t r pr-nsw wn ḫr gsw-prw
ḥnʿ stȝ mny tr n.sn nfryt-r tr pn
ʿḥʿ.n wȝ(.n.f) ỉt ḥḳȝt 5 šd.tw r stȝt m ȝḥ(t) nw nṯrw
mỉtt-ỉrw m ỉpt(?) m ỉrp.sn m ȝḥ(t) nw ỉrr

(Sethe, p.185)

ỉr.n.f ȝḫw(t) wr(t) n ḥp mr-wr
ḥnʿ ʿwt nb(t) ḫw(t)
m-ḥȝw-r ỉr.sn ỉn tpyw-ʿwy
ỉb.f ʿḳ ḥr sḫr^.w.sn m (tr) nb
rd.n.f ḫt nb(t) ḏʿr.sn r ʿbȝ ḏt.sn wr.tw ḏsr.tw
ỉṯ.n.f sḫn.sn r ḥwt-nṯr.sn
m ḥb ʿȝ wȝḥ ʿḫ sḳr n wdn ḥnʿ ḫt nb(t) twt n ỉr(t)

(Sethe, p.186)

smȝʿ tp gsw-prw ḥnʿ ḫt nb(t) wr(t) nw bȝḳt
... sn ḥm.f ... mỉ nty r hp^.w
rd.n.f nbw ḥḏ wȝḥy wr ḥr ḫt nb(t) mỉ ʿšȝ.sn r ḥwt snwt nt ḥp ʿnḫ
ḥnʿ sẖkr.ỉn ḥm.f m kȝt mnḫ^.t n-mȝ(wt) nfr.wy s(y) m sšr mȝʿ
sḫʿ.n.f ḥp ʿnḫ r.s
rd(?).n.f ḥwt-nṯr ḫm^.w ḫȝww(t) m-mȝ(wt) n nṯrw

(Sethe, p.187)

sw ḥm.f m ỉb n nṯr mnḫ (ḫr) nṯrw
ḥr nḏ (ḫrt) nfrw gsw-prw
r smȝw(y) sn m rk.f n nb-wʿ
(r) ỉsw rd n.f nṯrw ḳn nḫt ʿnḫ wḏȝ snb
ḥr ḫt nb(t) nfr(t) r ȝw.sn
ỉw ỉȝw(t).f wr^.t ḏd.tw ẖr.f ḥnʿ ẖrd^.w.f ḏt

(Sethe, p.188)

ḥnʿ sḫn nfr
ʿḳ.s m ỉb n wʿb^.w nw ỉtrty šmʿw mḥw mỉ-ḳd.sn
mdw ḳn^.w nsw-bỉt p-t-w-l-m-y-s ʿnḫ ḏt mr(y)-ptḥ nṯr-pr(y) nb-nfrw
m-ḫnt ỉdbw-ḥr r swr.sn
ḥnʿ ḫp n nṯrwy mr(wy)-ỉt sḫp(wy) sw
ḥnʿ nṯrwy-mnḫwy sḫp(wy) ḳmȝ(yw) sw
ḥnʿ nṯrwy-snwy sḫp ỉr(yw) sn

(Sethe, p.189)

ḥr nṯrwy-nḏwy ḏfn^.w
n twt.sn
mtw.tw ʿḥʿ ẖnt n nsw-bỉt p-t-w-l-m-y-s ʿnḫ ḏt mry-ptḥ nṯr-pr(y) nb-nfrw
kȝ.tw rn.f p-t-w-l-m-y-s-nḏ-bȝḳt
wḥʿ.f pw p-t-w-l-m-y-s-nḫt-(n)-kmt
ḥnʿ ẖnt nw nṯr (nỉwty) rd n.f ḫpš n ḳn

(Sethe, p.190)

m ḳbḥwy n ḫm nb ḥr rn.f m wsḫ(t) nt ḥwt-nṯr
m bỉt ḳsty^.w nw bȝḳt
mtw sʿḳyw nw ḥwt-nṯr m r-pr nb ḥr rn.f
šms (ẖnty^.w) ỉpn m sp 3 m ẖr-hrw
ḥr ỉr(t) rd^.t (dbḥw) m-bȝḥ.sn ỉr^.t n.sn tp-rd nb twt n kȝ.sn
mỉ ỉr n nṯrw spȝwt
m ḥb^.w tp-trw ḥr hrw n ḫʿ (ḥnʿ) hrw m rn.f

(Sethe, p.191)

mtw.tw ms(t) sšm-ḫw n nsw-bỉt p-t-w-l-m-y-s nṯr-pr(y) nb-nfrw
sȝ n nsw-bỉt p-t-w-l-m-y-s ḥnʿ ḥḳȝt nb(t) tȝwy ỉ-r-s-ỉ-n-ȝ-t nṯrwy-mr(wy)-ỉt
ḥnʿ kȝr šps m ḏʿm m nbw mḥ m ʿȝt nb(t) n-mȝʿt m rw-prw nb ḥr rn.f
ḥtp m bw ḏsr ḥr kȝr^.w nw nṯrw spȝwt
ỉr ỉrf ḫp ḥbw wr^.w (m) pr nṯr m ḳbt(?).f šps(t) r-sȝ pr.f (ỉ)m.sn
mtw.tw sḫʿ kȝr šps n nṯr-pr(y) nb-nfrw ḥr.sn

(Sethe, p.192)

r rd^.t sỉȝ.tw kȝr ṯn m hrw pn r ḥnty rnpwt
mtw.tw d(t) sḥnw 10 nw ḥm.f
ỉw wnwt tp-ʿ.sn m wʿ nb mỉ ỉr^.r tp-nfr m sḥnw nb
ḥr-tp kȝr ṯn m ỉsw n wrrt^.y wn ḥr-tp kȝr^.w
ỉw pȝ sḫmty m ḥr-ỉb ỉrw
ḏr-nty psd ḥm.f m.f m (ḥwt-kȝ-ptḥ)
m-ḫt ỉr n.f ỉrw nb n bs-nsw r ḥwt-nṯr ḫft šsp.n.f ỉȝwt.f wr^.t
mtw.tw rd^.t m gs ḥr n (ỉfd) nty m rwty (sḥnw) ỉpn

(Sethe, p.193)

m ʿḳȝ n sḫmty pn šmʿ ḥnʿ mḥw
mwt ḥr nbt mḥyt ẖr.s ḥr ḳʿḥ wnm(y) n kȝr ṯn
ỉʿrt mỉtt ḥr nbt mḥyt ẖr.s ḥr ḳʿḥ.s ỉȝb(y)
wḥʿ.f pw nbty sḥḏ šmʿw mḥw

(Sethe, p.194)

ḏr-nty wn ȝbd 4 šmw ʿrḳ hrw ms nṯr nfr ʿnḫ ḏt
ḏd.tỉ m ḥb ḫʿ m ỉdbw-ḥr ẖr-ḥȝt
mỉtt-ỉrw n ȝbd 2 ȝḫt sw 17 (m) ỉr(t) n.f ỉrw nw ḫʿ-nsw m šsp.n.f nsyt m-ʿ ỉt.f
ỉ(w) ỉs rf ḫnty m ḫt nb(t) ȝḫ(t) wr(t) wn ẖr tp-tȝ ms nt nṯr nfr ʿnḫ ḏt
ḥnʿ šsp ỉȝwt.f mnḫ^.t
ỉmy ỉr.tw hrw^.w ỉpn hrw 17 ʿrḳ m ȝbd nb m ḥb
m gsw-prw nw bȝḳt r ȝw.sn

(Sethe, p.195)

mtw.tw ... ʿḫ (sḳr wdn) ḥnʿ ỉr(t) ḫt nb(t) twt n ỉr(t) m ḥb^.w
m ḥb ỉpn tp ȝbd nb
ḫt nb(t) ỉr.tw m ḥb^.w ỉpn ... r s nb ỉr wnwt.sn m ḥwt-nṯr
mtw.tw ỉr(t) ḥb ḫʿ n gsw-prw nw bȝḳt r ȝw.sn
n nsw-bỉt p-t-w-l-m-y-s ʿnḫ ḏt mry-ptḥ nṯr-pr(y) nb-nfrw
tp-rnpt šȝʿ-m tpy ȝḫt nfryt-r hrw 5

(Sethe, p.196)

mḥ r tp.sn sḥb ḫȝw sḳr wdn ḥnʿ ḫt nb(t) tw
n ỉr^.t
wʿb^.w nw gsw-prw m r-pr nb ḥr rn.f
kȝ.tw sn ḥm-nṯr (nṯr-pry) nb-nfrw
(m-ḥȝw-r) ỉȝwt wʿb^.w n.sn-ỉmy
spẖr.sn sw ḥr tp-rd.sn
ḫt.tw ỉȝwt wʿb n nṯr-pr(y) nb-nfrw ḥr ḫtm ỉry (ḥr) ḏrt.sn

(Sethe, p.197)

ỉs ỉrf swt(?) wn.s m ʿ^.wy wnnyw nty.sn ȝb
sʿḥʿ mỉtt kȝr n nṯr-pr(y) nb-nfrw
r rd^.t wn^.n.s m pr.sn
mtw.sn ỉr(t) ḥb^.w ḫʿw ỉpn tp-ȝbd tp-rnpt
r rd^.t sỉȝ.tw wn^.n nḏ m tȝ-mrỉ ḥr (sḏsr) nṯr-pr(y) nb-nfrw mỉ nty r tp-nfr
ḫt.tw sḫȝwy pn ḥr ʿḥʿ nty ʿȝt rwḏ(t)
m sš n mdw-nṯr sš n šʿyt sḫȝy n ḥȝw-nbw

(Sethe, p.198)

rd.t(w) ʿḥʿ.f m gsw-prw m r-pr nb ḥr rn.f m mḥ 1 mḥ 2 mḥ 3
r-gs ẖnt n nsw-bỉt p-t-w-l-m-y-s ʿnḫ ḏt mry-ptḥ nṯr-pr(y) nb-nfrw